The history of Alcázar de San Juan goes from the Stone Age to our times, passing through the Arab invasion, the Middle Ages or the Golden Age, or the arrival of the Railroad.
From the Stone Age to the Roman era
The origin of Alcázar de San Juan is lost in the Stone Age, since remains of some civilizations settled in this area have been found in our municipality, such as polished axes, arrowheads and ceramics, among other objects.
Several prehistoric sites have been found outside the purely urban area, such as La Motilla de los Romeros and in the Fondos de Cabaña del Yacimiento de las Saladillas in the area around the lagoons, both from the Bronze Age, or the more recent Chalcolithic and Iberian remains found in the area of Piédrola.
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Thus, it seems that we were the seat of some Celtiberian camps, formed before the Roman invasion. Some historians still maintain that we were the ancient Alces, a pre-Roman city conquered by the praetor Sempronius Gracchus when this region was subjected to Rome.
Mosaics dating back to the 2nd or early 3rd century are preserved from this Roman period. Alcazar was a Roman villae, a form of farming where the owner would live in a mansion or palace (domus), whose noble rooms were decorated with mosaics. Excavations in Calle Gracia have brought to light workshops and warehouses, evidence that the village developed into a town or small city at the end of Roman or Visigothic times.
Another proof that Alcázar was also a Visigothic town are the studies made on the architectural composition of the temple of Santa María la Mayor.
